 Patent Application Title |
Patent App Num. |
Date |
 Flexible magnetic field coil for measuring ionic quantity | 20130147590 | 20130613 |
 A flexible magnetic coil for determining ion migration rates inside a vacuum device can include a plurality of insulated copper wires held together as a bundle. A positive pole can be connected to a first end of the bundle for receiving a positive DC voltage. A negative pole can be connected to a second end of the bundle for completing a circuit with the positive pole. A DC voltage ranging from ten volts to four thousand volts from a power supply can be connected to the positive pole, the negative pole, or combinations thereof. The bundle can be a loop and can form a circuit when the DC voltage is applied to the loop. The bundle can create a flexible electromagnetic field of at least one... |
| Recorder with piezo motor used to drive platen for high magnetic environments | 20130123608 | 20130516 |
 An apparatus and method generates a print out of physiological information from a patient (4) undergoing a magnetic resonance scan in a magnetic resonance system (8). The magnetic resonance system includes a main magnet that generates a static magnetic field (B0) through an examination region (12). A recorder device (38) is located adjacent the patient within a five Gauss line and more particularly, in the examination region with the patient at full field. A piezoelectric motor (68) drives a pinion (72) which drives a roller platen (62) of a printer assembly (60). A primary controller board (70) generates electromechanical stepper motor drive signals (90) and a secondary controller board (74) converts the electromechanical stepper motor drive signals (90) to piezoelectric motor drive motor signals (100).
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| Liquid ejecting head, liquid ejecting apparatus and piezoelectric element | 20130106958 | 20130502 |
 Provided is a piezoelectric element including a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode, wherein the piezoelectric layer is formed of a complex oxide having a perovskite structure containing bismuth, barium, iron and titanium, binding energy of C—C and C—H states of a peak due to C 1s in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement is standardized as 284.8 eV, when a peak obtained in a range of a binding energy of 775 eV or more and 785 eV or less is separated using a Gauss function, the binding energy has the peak in 779.0±0.8 eV, and one or more peak having intensity lower than that of the peak is included at the high binding energy side.
... |
| Liquid ejecting head, liquid ejecting apparatus and piezoelectric element | 20130106959 | 20130502 |
 Provided is a piezoelectric element including a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode, wherein the piezoelectric layer is formed of a complex oxide having a perovskite structure containing bismuth, barium, iron and titanium, binding energy of C—C and C—H states of a peak due to C 1s in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement is standardized as 284.8 eV, when a peak obtained in a range of the binding energy of 775 eV or more and 785 eV or less is separated using a Gauss function, the binding energy has the peak in 780.5±0.8 eV, and one or more peak having intensity lower than that of the peak is included at a low binding energy side.
... |
| Component of a substrate support assembly producing localized magnetic fields | 20130072025 | 20130321 |
 A component of a substrate support assembly such as a substrate support or edge ring includes a plurality of current loops incorporated in the substrate support and/or the edge ring. The current loops are laterally spaced apart and extend less than halfway around the substrate support or edge ring with each of the current loops being operable to induce a localized DC magnetic field of field strength less than 20 Gauss above a substrate supported on the substrate support during plasma processing of the substrate. When supplied with DC power, the current loops generate localized DC magnetic fields over the semiconductor substrate so as to locally affect the plasma and compensate for non-uniformity in plasma processing across the substrate.
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| Wear-a-mark magnetic changeable pendant - lifestyle expression | 20130036767 | 20130214 |
| The holding mechanism is of a high gauss magnet and is designed to allow the decorative element to attach itself to the magnetic base. The decorative element can be attached or removed with the least amount of effort and without any tools or any special knowledge or skill. The decorative element can be removed with a slight push of the fingers. Serves two functions; one for the Game of Golf and the other as a Fashion Statement. Safe, secure and fashionable necklace/pendant. Allows wearer to choose from a large assortment of pendants and match the style with the clothes without having to purchase a new necklace each time. Economical and elegant and can be worn with almost all styles of outfits and can be used by... |
| Crystallinity evaluation method, crystallinity evaluation device, and computer software thereof | 20130030728 | 20130131 |
| A crystallinity evaluation method of evaluating crystallinity of a semiconductor film formed above a substrate includes following steps. First, a peak waveform of a Raman band in a Raman spectrum of the semiconductor film is obtained using Raman spectrometry. The Raman band corresponds to a phonon mode unique to the semiconductor film. The peak waveform is a wavelength range having a peak of the Raman band. Next, a first waveform is generated by fitting the obtained peak waveform by Gauss function. Then, a peak value of the first waveform is extracted. Then, a second waveform is generated by fitting the obtained peak waveform by Lorenz function based on the extracted peak value. Then, a peak value, a FWHM, and/or a wavelength indicating the peak value regarding... |
| Mri magnet and mri system with optimized fringe fields, attractive forces and spatial constraints | 20130009642 | 20130110 |
| A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system magnet includes at least one main electromagnet winding disposed within a first radius of the magnet and at least one bucking electromagnet winding disposed within a second radius, larger than the first radius of the magnet and configured to provide self-shielding magnetic fields that substantially reduce fringe magnetic fields outside the magnet produced by the main electromagnet winding. The combination of magnetic fields produced by both the main and bucking electromagnet windings inside the magnet conform to MRI requirements within at least an imaging volume. The main and bucking electro-magnet windings are configured so as to create a net fringe field outside the magnet within the range of 50-100 gauss at a distance within a range of 3-5 meters axially... |
| Apparatus and method for detecting location of underground facility | 20120303304 | 20121129 |
| The present invention provides an apparatus and method for detecting a location of an underground facility, which calculates a gauss value at each depth of a magnetic marker, measures a magnetic field at each depth through each sensor based on the calculated gauss values, extracts factors by performing a factor analysis on the measured magnetic fields, obtains extracted variable values by performing a regression analysis on the extracted factors, stores the extracted variable values in a database, and determines a location of the magnetic marker based on the stored extracted variable values and the values measured by the sensors in real time.
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| Electric emission wheel assembly | 20120185127 | 20120719 |
| This invention patent is related to an electric emitting wheel assembly (1), belonging to the electronic component field used in the automotive industry, which was developed to identify or monitor parameters of the rotating part (100) such the crankshaft or others. This assembly is made of: the sensitizing ring (2) (tone wheel) of electric material conducting, mounted electrically insulated around the rotating part (100), connected to an external voltage supply, suitable for generating and temporarily storing in the Gauss surface of the ring (2), an electric field (40). This sensitizing ring (2) also has a commutation strip (5) selected to emit an electric field (40) with regular intermittency, generating the specific intermittent electric field (40)′. The sensor capacitive (30), reads the specific intermittent electric field (40).
... |
| High density plasma etchback process for advanced metallization applications | 20120152896 | 20120621 |
| A physical vapor deposition (PVD) system and method includes a chamber including a target and a pedestal supporting a substrate. A target bias device supplies DC power to the target during etching of the substrate. The DC power is greater than or equal to 8 kW. A magnetic field generating device, including electromagnetic coils and/or permanent magnets, creates a magnetic field in a chamber of the PVD system during etching of the substrate. A radio frequency (RF) bias device supplies an RF bias to the pedestal during etching of the substrate. The RF bias is less than or equal to 120V at a predetermined frequency. A magnetic field produced in the target is at least 100 Gauss inside of the target.
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| Operation circuit and method thereof | 20120101781 | 20120426 |
| An operation circuit and an operation method thereof are revealed. The operation circuit includes an extreme value processing unit, a curve processing module, and a component unit. The extreme value processing unit receives and processes a plurality of input data to get maximum values and minimum values. The curve processing module constructs a first matrix and a second matrix according to the maximum and minimum values and then decomposes the first matrix and the second matrix into first submatrices and second submatrices respectively. According to these submatrices, the curve processing module gets at least one mean value function corresponding to the maximum and the minimum values. The computation of a single matrix is reduced by matrix decomposition and operations of the operation circuit. Compared with conventional... |
| Iterative channel estimation method and apparatus for ici cancellation in multi-carrier | 20120014465 | 20120119 |
| A linear iterative channel estimation scheme and corresponding pilot allocation scheme are provided to perfect a channel model that cancels the Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) for multi-carrier systems (e.g., OFDM, SC-FDMA, MC-CDMA, etc.) under high mobility conditions. Two issues of the linear iterative channel estimation scheme of the channel model, namely, overloaded pilots and increased Gauss noise are specifically addressed by exemplary embodiments. With the iterative channel estimation scheme provided by the present invention, the minimum pilot number is equal to the length of multi-path delay, and the Gauss noise is not increased.
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| Petroleum reservoir history matching method using local parametrizations | 20110010142 | 20110113 |
| Method of constructing an image of a petroleum reservoir from dynamic data Id disclosed having application for petroleum reservoir characterization. At least two independent realizations of the reservoir are generated from at least two Gaussian white noises. At least one region is defined within the reservoir and a parameter allowing the shape and the size of this region to be modified is defined. A new realization of the reservoir is then generated from a linear combination of the white noises. The coefficients of this linear combination depend on the parameter allowing the region to be modified. A local objective function measuring, within this region, a difference between dynamic data simulated from the new realization and the measured dynamic data is then calculated. Finally, the image of... |
| Bandwidth provisioning tools for internet service providers | 20110007630 | 20110113 |
| An accurate bandwidth provisioning tool for Internet Service Providers, for both Voice over IP and data traffic, which is able to predict the demand for network resources based on the network traffic characteristics and the number of subscribers after taking into account subscriber growth and other relevant factors. To predict the demand, the tool uses a Gaussian model for Voice traffic, and a Gamma model, or alternatively, a dimensioning formula, for data traffic. The tool also discloses a method of planning Cable television network capacity when converting analog channels to digital channels.
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| Magnetic shielding for integrated circuit | 20110007540 | 20110113 |
| A shielded integrated circuit structure including an integrated circuit having a plurality of functional elements thereon, and a tiled array comprising a plurality of shielding elements, each functional element having one of the plurality of shielding elements proximate thereto. The shielding elements comprise a magnetic material having a saturation less than or equal to 20,000 gauss.
... |
| Laser confocal scanning microscope and methods of improving image quality in such microscope | 20110002024 | 20110106 |
| According to a first embodiment the invention provides for increasing the throughput and reducing the striping due to imperfections in the microlens and/or confocal aperture arrays of a Laser Confocal Scanning Microscope by increasing the number of repeat patterns in the microlens and confocal aperture arrays to more than one, and incorporating an intensity modulation function that ensures constant integrated image intensities at the image detector independent of the instantaneous speed of scanning. According to a second embodiment the invention provides for reducing the striping in a Laser Confocal Scanning Microscope by introducing a second galvanometer mirror such that the emitted laser light beam is descanned at the image (sample) plane. According to embodiments three to five, striping in a Laser Confocal Scanning Microscope is also... |
| Automated non-magnetic medical monitor using piezoelectric ceramic diaphragm devices | 20100331667 | 20101230 |
| In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the powerful magnetic fields can interfere with, damage, cause premature failure in, and attract certain non-MR safe instruments. Electromagnetic ally sensitive components are eliminated in favor of MR safe components, such as ceramic piezoelectric components and bi-metallic components. Instruments that previously had to be kept a safe distance away from the main magnet (12), e.g., beyond the 5 Gauss line, while a patient was being scanned are now allowed near the patient without fear of damage to the instrument (40) or danger to the patient and medical staff or the MRI device (10).
... |
| Advanced clustering method for material separation in dual energy ct | 20100328313 | 20101230 |
| Three or more materials are advantageously separated from dual energy data by using a material separation technique. To effectively separate material clusters, a density plot is introduced to automatically render cluster separations. Initially, the projection data optionally undergo data-domain dual energy decomposition. Then, the image data is plotted in a vector plot whose axes are the low HU values and the high HU values. For a given data point in the vector plot, a number of data points is counted within in a region of interest surrounding the given data point to generate a density plot where each point now represents a density level surrounding the data point. Thus, clustering of a certain material is visualized by a predetermined color assignment scheme. Furthermore, special image processing... |
| Developer system and method for providing a stable flow rate of developer in an electrographic printer | 20100316417 | 20101216 |
| A developer system and method for an electrographic printer is provided that provides a stable and high rate of developer flow to the photoconductor drum of the printer. The system includes a magnetic brush having a magnetic core surrounded by a toning shell that rotatably conveys a layer of developer to the photoconductor element; a sump containing a reservoir of developer, and a self-metering conveyor roller having a maximum magnetic field strength on its outer surface of between about 100 and 1000 gauss, and a minimum magnetic field strength of no less than about 30% of the maximum field strength. A driving assembly rotates the conveyor roller at a saturation speed that saturates the capacity of the conveyor roller to deliver developer to said toning shell.... |
| System and method for providing a stable and high flow rate of developer in an electrographic printer | 20100316416 | 20101216 |
| A developer system and method for an electrographic printer is provided that provides a stable and high rate of developer flow to the photoconductor drum of the printer. The system includes a magnetic brush having a magnetic core surrounded by a toning shell that rotatably conveys a layer of developer to the photoconductor element; a sump containing a reservoir of developer, and a self-metering conveyor roller having a maximum magnetic field strength on its outer surface of between about 230 and 1000 gauss, and a minimum magnetic field strength of no less than about 30% of the maximum field strength. A driving assembly rotates the conveyor roller at a saturation speed that saturates the capacity of the conveyor roller to deliver developer to said toning shell.... |
| Sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques | 20100316269 | 20101216 |
| The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined. The entities may be immobilized relative to each... |
| Forming light beams and patterns with zero intensity central points | 20100315709 | 20101216 |
| In order to produce a beam with a zero intensity axial ray or to produce a beam that when focused will produce an image of a doughnut shaped pattern with a zero intensity central point, a beam with a uniform or Gaussian profile is directed to a plurality of transparent plates, arranged in pairs on opposite sides of the beam axis, such that for at least one pair, the plates have a composition and thickness different from each other, and chosen so that the transmitted light has a has a phase difference of half a wavelength for at least three different wavelengths. An additional plate with a center on the perpendicular of the line connecting the first two plates has a composition and thickness such that... |
| Semiconductor laser diode, printhead including the diode, and image forming apparatus including the diode | 20100315478 | 20101216 |
| Provided are a semiconductor laser diode, and a printhead and an image forming apparatus including the semiconductor laser diode. The semiconductor laser diode includes a concave-convex pattern, and emits light having a Gaussian light intensity distribution. High quality images are provided by applying the semiconductor laser diode to a printhead and an image forming apparatus.
... |
| Selective neuromodulation using energy-efficient waveforms | 20100312304 | 20101209 |
| Methods of selective neuromodulation in a live mammalian subject, such as a human patient. The method comprises applying an electrical signal to a target site in the nervous system, such as the brain, where the electrical signal comprises a series of pulses. The pulses includes a waveform shape that is more energy-efficient as compared to a corresponding rectangular waveform. Non-limiting examples of such energy-efficient waveforms include linear increasing, linear decreasing, exponential increasing, exponential decreasing, and Gaussian waveforms. The parameters for the energy-efficient waveform are chosen to selectively activate neural tissue on the basis of axonal diameter.
... |
| Neuromodulation using energy-efficient waveforms | 20100312303 | 20101209 |
| Methods of neuromodulation in a live mammalian subject, such as a human patient. The method comprises applying an electrical signal to a target site in the nervous system, such as the brain, where the electrical signal comprises a series of pulses. The pulses includes a waveform shape that is more energy-efficient as compared to a corresponding rectangular waveform. Non-limiting examples of such energy-efficient waveforms include linear increasing, linear decreasing, exponential increasing, exponential decreasing, and Gaussian waveforms. Also described are apparatuses for neuromodulation and software for operating such apparatuses.
... |
| Polycrystalline diamond | 20100310855 | 20101209 |
| Embodiments of the invention relate to polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) exhibiting enhanced diamond-to-diamond bonding. In an embodiment, PCD includes a plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of interstitial regions. A metal-solvent catalyst occupies at least a portion of the plurality of interstitial regions. The plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a coercivity of about 115 Oersteads (“Oe”) or more and a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm3/grams (“G·cm3/g”) or less. Other embodiments are directed to polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) employing such PCD, methods of forming PCD and PDCs, and various applications for such PCD and PDCs in rotary drill bits, bearing apparatuses, and wire-drawing dies.
... |
| Multi-scale representation of an out of focus image | 20100310179 | 20101209 |
| A method for generating a multi scale representation of an input image, the method comprising the procedures of: estimating a scale factor corresponding to said input image; determining a set of Gaussian difference kernels according to said estimated scale factor, and according to a predetermined set of Gaussian kernels; and generating a multi-scale representation of said input image by applying each of said set of Gaussian difference kernels on said input image.
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| Optical head device and optical information recording/reproducing device | 20100309770 | 20101209 |
| To provide an optical head device and an optical information recording/reproducing device for recording/reproducing a signal on/from an optical recording medium having two recording layers without generating the disturbance on the track error signal detected with differential push-pull method even if the interval between the target layer and the non-target layer changes. The light beam emitted from a semiconductor laser is divided into a zeroth order main beam and a positive and a negative first order diffracted light sub-beams by a diffractive optical element. The light beams are applied onto a disk by an objective lens. The reflected light beam of the main beam and reflected light beams of the sub-beams from the disk are received by a photodetector. From the output of the photodetector, a... |
| Method of fabricating polycrystalline diamond and a polycrystalline diamond compact | 20100307070 | 20101209 |
| Embodiments of the invention relate to polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) exhibiting enhanced diamond-to-diamond bonding. In an embodiment, PCD includes a plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of interstitial regions. A metal-solvent catalyst occupies at least a portion of the plurality of interstitial regions. The plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a coercivity of about 115 Oersteads (“Oe”) or more and a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm3/grams (“G·cm3/g”) or less. Other embodiments are directed to polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) employing such PCD, methods of forming PCD and PDCs, and various applications for such PCD and PDCs in rotary drill bits, bearing apparatuses, and wire-drawing dies.
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| Polycrystalline diamond compact | 20100307069 | 20101209 |
| Embodiments of the invention relate to polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) exhibiting enhanced diamond-to-diamond bonding. In an embodiment, PCD includes a plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of interstitial regions. A metal-solvent catalyst occupies at least a portion of the plurality of interstitial regions. The plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a coercivity of about 115 Oersteads (“Oe”) or more and a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm3/grams (“G·cm3/g”) or less. Other embodiments are directed to polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) employing such PCD, methods of forming PCD and PDCs, and various applications for such PCD and PDCs in rotary drill bits, bearing apparatuses, and wire-drawing dies.
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| Order independent method of performing statistical n-way maximum/minimum operation for non-gaussian and non-linear distributions | 20100306723 | 20101202 |
| A method and system to improve the performance of an integrated circuit (IC) chip by removing timing violations detected by performing a statistical timing analysis, given distributions of process and environmental sources of variation. The distributions are quantized using a minimum distortion criterion into discrete values. For each timing node of the IC circuit, a discrete minimum and maximum operation is performed on the timing parameters using a subset of combinations of the discrete values. The results of the discrete minimum and maximum operation are then de-quantized and propagated to a subsequent timing node and edge thereof. The process continues until one or more primary inputs and outputs of the IC chip are reached. The design of the IC chip is modified by removing all the... |
| Contact state estimation for multi-finger robot hands using particle filters | 20100306159 | 20101202 |
| A method for identifying the location, orientation and shape of an object that a robot hand touches that includes using a particle filter. The method includes defining an appropriate motion model and a measurement model. The motion model characterizes the motion of the robot hand as it moves relative to the object. The measurement model estimates the likelihood of an observation of contact position, velocity and tactile sensor information given hand-object states. The measurement model is approximated analytically based on a geometric model or based on a corpus of training data. In either case, the measurement model distribution is encoded as a Gaussian or using radial basis functions.
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| Phoneme model for speech recognition | 20100305948 | 20101202 |
| A sub-phoneme model given acoustic data which corresponds to a phoneme. The acoustic data is generated by sampling an analog speech signal producing a sampled speech signal. The sampled speech signal is windowed and transformed into the frequency domain producing Mel frequency cepstral coefficients of the phoneme. The sub-phoneme model is used in a speech recognition system. The acoustic data of the phoneme is divided into either two or three sub-phonemes. A parameterized model of the sub-phonemes is built, where the model includes Gaussian parameters based on Gaussian mixtures and a length dependency according to a Poisson distribution. A probability score is calculated while adjusting the length dependency of the Poisson distribution. The probability score is a likelihood that the parameterized model represents the phoneme. The... |
| Laser beam dermatalogical heat treatment device | 20100305554 | 20101202 |
| A device for dermatological treatment, includes an energy source, the energy source generating a quasi-Gaussian laser beam, characterised in that it includes an element for shaping the beam between the energy source and a source to be treated, the shaping element being adapted for converting the beam into a beam having a power distributed homogenously on a given surface, and in that the device further includes a removable and replaceable optical unit.
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| Receiver apparatus | 20100303161 | 20101202 |
| A receiver apparatus (1) for receiving a signal over a fading channel comprises a frequency domain interpolation unit (16) with a filter unit (10), a power comparison unit (20), and a processing unit (21). The filter unit (10) comprises a first filter element (11), which is a reference filter, and a second filter element (12). The first filter element (11) is arranged as large-band filter. The power comparison unit (20) compares the power of the signal filtered with said second filter element (12) with the power of the signal filtered with said first filter element (11). The processing unit (21) determines an appropriate filter length for a third filter element (13) of the filter unit (10) on the basis of this comparison. Thereby, a trade-off is... |
| Capacitor based bi-directional degaussing device with chamber | 20100302701 | 20101202 |
| Disclosed is an apparatus for destroying electronic memory media by use of a bi-directional degaussing device. The degaussing device utilizes an SCR gate controller to cause bi-directional polarity from a charged capacitor into a sealed chamber containing the magnetic media. The chamber has a movable steel plate cover and floor that encloses the chamber containing magnetic media during the degaussing stage. The cover and floor cause a reflective chamber that focuses and directs the flux level to the magnetic media. The gate controller allows the use of the same capacitor bank to power a coil in two different directions to obtain effective degaussing without multiple coils or directional capacitors.
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| Sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques | 20100297777 | 20101125 |
| The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined The entities may be immobilized relative to each... |
| Method and apparatus of using soft information for enhancing accuracy of position estimation for a wireless communication system | 20100295734 | 20101125 |
| A method of enhancing accuracy of position estimation for a wireless communication system includes receiving a plurality of input measurements required for estimating a position of a target, and generating a plurality of Gaussian probability density functions corresponding to the plurality of input measurements, the plurality of Gaussian probability density functions being used for estimating the position of the target.
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| Estimating bit error probability (bep) in an edge wireless system | 20100290512 | 20101118 |
| Distribution parameter mapping determines the bit error probability (BEP) of a burst transmitted from a base station to the mobile station using a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) specified in the EDGE standard. Depending on whether the multi-bit soft decisions of the burst most resemble a Gaussian or a Rician distribution, the statistical parameters μ and σ or A and u are determined The ratio μ/σ or A/σ is mapped to an empirically determined BEP in a Gaussian or Rician lookup table, respectively. The BEPs are not influenced by the degree of code redundancy in the MCS. The BEPs for the four bursts in a radio block are then averaged, filtered and quantized according to the EDGE standard. The quantization level of the average BEP is... |
| Method and system for detecting an explosive | 20100286943 | 20101111 |
| A method and system for detecting at least one explosive in a vehicle using a neutron generator and a plurality of NaI detectors. Spectra read form the detectors is calibrated by performing Gaussian peak fitting to define peak regions, locating a Na peak and an annihilation peak doublet, assigning a predetermined energy level to one peak in the doublet, and predicting a hydrogen peak location based on a location of at least one peak of the doublet. The spectra are gain shifted to a common calibration, summed for respective groups of NaI detectors, and nitrogen detection analysis performed on the summed spectra for each group.
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| Isotope production system and cyclotron having reduced magnetic stray fields | 20100283371 | 20101111 |
| A cyclotron that includes a magnet yoke that has a yoke body that surrounds an acceleration chamber and a magnet assembly. The magnet assembly is configured to produce magnetic fields to direct charged particles along a desired path. The magnet assembly is located in the acceleration chamber. The magnetic fields propagate through the acceleration chamber and within the magnet yoke. A portion of the magnetic fields escape outside of the magnet yoke as stray fields. The magnet yoke is dimensioned such that the stray fields do not exceed 5 Gauss at a distance of 1 meter from an exterior boundary.
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| Isotope production system and cyclotron | 20100282978 | 20101111 |
| A cyclotron that includes a magnet yoke having a yoke body that surrounds an acceleration chamber. The cyclotron also includes a magnet assembly to produce magnetic fields to direct charged particles along a desired path. The magnet assembly is located in the acceleration chamber. The magnetic fields propagate through the acceleration chamber and within the magnet yoke, wherein a portion of the magnetic fields escapes outside of the magnet yoke as stray fields. The cyclotron also includes a vacuum pump that is coupled to the yoke body. The vacuum pump is configured to introduce a vacuum into the acceleration chamber. The magnet yoke is dimensioned such that the vacuum pump does not experience magnetic fields in excess of 75 Gauss.
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| Object figuring device | 20090326522 | 20091231 |
| A device for shaping objects by removal of material from the surface thereof with a pulsed laser beam and a deflecting device through which the laser bean is guided over the surface of the object. An optical device is provided for changing the distribution of the radiation intensity inside the laser beam cross section. After the passage of the laser beam through this optical device, the radiation intensity has a bell-shaped or Gaussian distribution, or a distribution similar to a bell-shaped or Gaussian distribution, in at least one cross-sectional direction through the laser beam.
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| Acoustic echo suppression | 20090323924 | 20091231 |
| Sound signals captured by a microphone are adjusted to provide improved sound quality. More particularly, an Acoustic Echo Reduction system which performs a first stage of echo reduction (e.g., acoustic echo cancellation) on a received signal is configured to perform a second stage of echo reduction (e.g., acoustic echo suppression) by segmenting the received signal into a plurality of frequency bins respectively comprised within a number of frames (e.g., 0.3 s to 0.5 s sound signal segments) for a given block. Data comprised within respective frequency bins is modeled according to a probability density function (e.g., Gaussian distribution). The probability of whether respective frequency bins comprise predominantly near-end signal or predominantly residual echo is calculated. The output of the acoustic echo suppression is computed as a... |
| Pattern classification method | 20090319451 | 20091224 |
| For assigning a test pattern to a class chosen from a predefined set of classes, the class membership probability for the test pattern is calculated as well as the confidence interval for the class membership probability based upon a number of training patterns in a neighbourhood of the test pattern in the feature space. The number of training patterns in the neighbourhood of the test pattern is obtained from computing a convolution of a density function of the training patterns with a Gaussian smoothing function centred on the test pattern, where the density function of the training patterns is represented as a mixture of Gaussian functions. The convolution of the smoothing function and the mixture of Gaussian functions can be expressed analytically.
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| Devices and methods for detecting b-haematin and haemozoin | 20090318784 | 20091224 |
| In the application, the change in the magnetic state of the haemoglobin caused by the malarial infection is exploited by detecting suitable properties of haemozoin which are dependent on the application of a magnetic field. FIG. 1 shows apparatus, shown generally at (10), for performing magneto-optical detection using photo-acoustic techniques. The apparatus (10) comprises a light source (12), producing a beam of optical radiation (14) which passes through a polariser (16), a variable LC retarder (0 or 180° retardance) (18), and a (chopper 20), before impinging on a sample (22) held in a sample holder (24). The sample is in direct contact with an acoustic detector (26). The apparatus (10) further comprises an electromagnet (28), and a Gauss meter (30) can be utilised to measure the... |
| Transforming measurement data for classification learning | 20090316982 | 20091224 |
| A system (600), apparatus (500), and method is provided for a combined transformation of measurement data so that the transformed data are suitable for input by pattern classification learning methods. Sensitivity of transformed data is reduced in the unreliable region while it is largely unchanged or enhanced everywhere else. A Gaussian transform is combined with a sigmoid function, using a combined transform module (502) in the apparatus (500) and system (600) to achieve the sensitivity reduction. A user can direct the processing via a user control subsystem (604) of the system (600) and by providing user analysis input (508) input to the apparatus (500).
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| Method of determining true error vector magnitude in a wireless lan | 20090316589 | 20091224 |
| Systematic transmit IQ phase and amplitude imbalances in the transmit chain of a wireless local area network (WLAN) cause a corresponding systematic shift in the roots of a constellation diagram. Additional random phase noise in the transmit chain will cause a further Gaussian distribution of points in the constellation diagram about the systematically shifted roots. This random distribution represents a true error vector magnitude (EVM). By transmitting a known training sequence through the transmit chain, which it is known will be shifted to all of the systematically shifted roots in the constellation diagram, the Gaussian spread around those shifted roots can be analysed to determine the true EVM.
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| Capacitive-coupled magnetic neutral loop plasma sputtering system | 20090314636 | 20091224 |
| A capacitive-coupled magnetic neutral line plasma sputtering system having such a structure that the utilization efficiency of a target can be increased drastically by sputtering the target uniformly, distribution of magnetic lines of force is vertical and uniform in the vicinity of the substrate, and charge up does not take place. The capacitive-coupled magnetic neutral line plasma sputtering system comprises a vacuum chamber (1), a target (2) placed in the vacuum chamber (1), a magnetic field generation means forming annular magnetic neutral line of zero magnetic field in the vacuum chamber (1), and an electric field generation means for generating plasma along the magnetic neutral line by applying a high frequency bias to the target (2), wherein the gradient of magnetic field is set at 2... |
| Generating variation-aware library data with efficient device mismatch characterization | 20090306953 | 20091210 |
| In a method of generating variation-aware library data for statistical static timing analysis (SSTA), a “synthetic” Gaussian variable can be used to represent all instances of one or more mismatch variations in all devices (e.g. transistors), thereby capturing the effect on at least one timing property (e.g. delay or slew). By modeling device mismatch with synthetic random variables, the variation behavior (in terms of the distribution of delay, slew, constraint, etc.) can be interpreted as the outcomes of process variations instead of modeling the variation sources (e.g. transistor shape variations, variations in dopant atom density, and irregularity of edges).
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| Method of automatically detecting and tracking successive frames in a region of interesting by an electronic imaging device | 20090304231 | 20091210 |
| A method of automatically detecting and tracking successive frames in a region of interesting by an electronic imaging device includes: decomposing a frame into intensity, color and direction features according to human perceptions; filtering an input image by a Gaussian pyramid to obtain levels of pyramid representations by down sampling; calculating the features of pyramid representations; using a linear center-surround operator similar to a biological perception to expedite the calculation of a mean value of the peripheral region; using the difference of each feature between a small central region and the peripheral region as a measured value; overlaying the pyramid feature maps to obtain a conspicuity map and unify the conspicuity maps of the three features; obtaining a saliency map of the frames by linear combination;... |
| Charge calibrator and system incorporating the same | 20090302224 | 20091210 |
| A charge calibrator for simulating the output of a scintillation detector. The calibrator includes a processor for executing a Gaussian random number generator algorithm to produce an output comprising a Gaussian random number distribution having at least one characteristic established in response to a user input.
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| Methods of detection of propogating phase gradients using model field theory of non-gaussian mixtures | 20090299704 | 20091203 |
| Methods, computer-readable media, and systems are provided for the detection of propagating phase gradients using model field theory of non-Gaussian mixtures. One embodiment of the invention is directed to a method for identifying phase cones in a data set. The method includes generating an initial set of values of parameters (ξA,ηA,tA) for a preset number of cones, initializing a covariance matrix with high values, evaluating the ratio of volume of a phase cone over total observed space-time volume, comparing the data set with a model, estimating a class probability density function, and generating a revised set of values of parameters (ξA,ηA,tA).
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| Color correcting method and apparatus | 20090297022 | 20091203 |
| Some embodiments provide a method of color correcting an image. Some such embodiments provide (1) a display area for displaying a modifiable graph correlating a first color attribute of the image to a set of second color attributes and (2) at least one tool that adjusts the graph in order to adjust color attributes in the image. The graph adjustment tool of some embodiments is a set of control points that specify the color correction adjustment over a parameterized curve representation of the graph. In some embodiments, the graphs are rasterized curves that are adjusted through the use of a Gaussian manipulator. The Gaussian manipulator distributes a second color attribute adjustment over a set of first color attribute values according to a Gaussian distribution. Moreover, some... |
| Inspection method and apparatus, lithographic apparatus, lithographic processing cell and device manufacturing method | 20090294635 | 20091203 |
| In a scatterometry apparatus having an illumination aperture stop, a field stop is provided at an intermediate image to control a spot size on a substrate. The field stop may be apodized, e.g., having a transmissivity in the form of a trapezium or a Gaussian shape.
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| Method and apparatus for condensate demineralization | 20090294367 | 20091203 |
| A method and an apparatus for performing condensate demineralization which are capable of producing a high-purity treated water containing low concentrations of sulfate ions and nitrate ions derived from TOC eluted from a cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin. A condensate demineralization method for performing a demineralization treatment of a condensate from a boiling-water reactor nuclear power plant using an ion exchange resin, wherein the method employs a mixed bed containing a uniform mixture of a strongly acidic, uniform particle size, gel-type cation exchange resin having an average particle size within a range from 450 to 600 μm and a resin particle existence ratio within a range specified by average particle size ±100 μm of not less than 95%, and a strongly basic type 1... |
| Method for recovery of lost and/or corrupted data | 20090292966 | 20091126 |
| A method for recovery of lost and/or corrupted data transmitted from a transmitter device to a receiver device. The data is coded by an encoder connected to the transmitter device. The data is transmitted from the transmitter device to the receiver device via a transmission system and is decoded by means of a decoder connected to the receiver device. This is performed through application of a low density parity check method, wherein lost and/or corrupted data is restored during decoding. The decoding is performed by solving the equation system of the parity check matrix H. The parity check matrix H is brought into a triangular form by column and/or row permutations. Columns of a sub-matrix B of the matrix H which impede the triangulation process are... |
| Method and system for selecting the number of gaussian modes for the segmentation of cardiac magnetic resonance (mr) images | 20090290775 | 20091126 |
| A method for automatically selecting a number of Gaussian modes for segmentation of a cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) image, including: identifying a left ventricle (LV) in a cardiac MR image slice; quantifying the LV blood pool; obtaining a mask for the LV blood pool; generating a ring mask for a myocardium of the LV from the LV blood pool mask; fitting three Gaussian modes to a histogram of the image slice to obtain a corresponding homogeneity image for the myocardium; computing a quality of fitting (QOF) measure for the three Gaussian modes based on the corresponding homogeneity image; repeating the fitting and computing steps for four and five Gaussian modes; and selecting the homogeneity image of the number of Gaussian modes with the largest QOF measure... |
| Method for setting at least one control variable of a filter for noise reduction in medical images | 20090285461 | 20091119 |
| A method for setting a control variable of a filter for noise reduction in medical images is provided. Image data of the medical images is classified into at least one noise region and at least one structure region. A variance measurement is performed either for all the image pixels or a subset of them to determine the edge thicknesses. A histogram is generated from the edge thicknesses. The maximum of the histogram is determined and a Gaussian curve is fitted to the histogram. A threshold value for noise and structure is determined as a function of the standard deviation of the Gaussian curve. The noise and structure are measured in the regions. The standard noise and structure deviations are determined and compared. The control variable is... |
| mechanism and method for permanent magnet degaussing | 20090284890 | 20091119 |
| A system for degaussing magnetic media includes a media transport carousel mounted to move in a first direction into the system and through a magnetic field generator and to move in a second direction through the magnetic field generator and out of the system. An automatically reversible transmission transmits via a plurality of gears rotational force from an input shaft in a first rotational direction to drive the drive element and the media transport carousel in a first direction. The automatically reversible transmission is configured to transmit via a second plurality of gears the rotational force from the input shaft in the first direction to drive the drive element to move the media transport carousel in a second direction opposite of the first direction. A media... |
| Degauss control for magnetic disk-drive preamplifier | 20090284860 | 20091119 |
| One embodiment of the invention includes a preamplifier system for a magnetic disk-drive. The system includes a current distributor configured to generate a reference current and to decay the reference current from a first magnitude to a second magnitude during a degauss period to degauss a magnetic disk write head. The degauss period defines a transition from a write cycle to a read cycle of the magnetic disk-drive and has a predetermined time duration that is independent of the first magnitude of the reference current during the write cycle. An output driver is configured to provide a write current to the magnetic disk write head having a magnitude with an absolute value that is based on the reference current.
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| Polarization independent birefringent tunable filters | 20090284708 | 20091119 |
| Novel, polarization-insensitive, birefringent, broadband tunable filter arrangements that allow high throughput, based on a combination of tunable birefringent layers or polarization dependent filters, in combination with one or more of the following components (i) thin film achromatic quarter waveplates based on the form birefringence of dielectric subwavelength grating structures, (ii) nano wire-grid polarizers made of metallic wire grids; (iii) omnidirectional dielectric mirrors, (iv) polarization conversion mirrors, (v) reflective polarized beam splitters for circularly polarized light, (vi) metallic subwavelength gratings with lines having Gaussian profile, and (vii) Faraday mirror. All of these components may be implemented in thin film form on one or more substrates, such that a compact and cost effective filter can be produced. The birefringent layers can be any birefringent or magneto-optic layer but... |
| Legacy-compliant burst formats for multiple users reusing one slot (muros) operation | 20090279625 | 20091112 |
| A burst may include a three-bit tail sequence derived from a four-bit Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (EGPRS)-2 tail sequence. A legacy wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be multiplexed onto an Orthogonal Sub-channel (OSC) resource, and may receive a burst including four-bit Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)-type tail sequences that decode to legacy three-bit Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK)-type or 8PSK-type tail sequences. The legacy WTRU processes the tail sequences, unaware that the burst was received on an OSC sub-channel or that the tail sequences were encoded as QPSK-type tail sequences. An OSC QPSK tail sequence may be chosen such that it corresponds to the legacy GMSK tail sequence format when decoded on an OSC sub-channel, but also so that a power-versus-time mask, power constraint, or... |
| Legacy-compliant burst formats for multiple users reusing one slot (muros) operation | 20090279625 | 20091112 |
| A burst may include a three-bit tail sequence derived from a four-bit Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (EGPRS)-2 tail sequence. A legacy wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be multiplexed onto an Orthogonal Sub-channel (OSC) resource, and may receive a burst including four-bit Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)-type tail sequences that decode to legacy three-bit Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK)-type or 8PSK-type tail sequences. The legacy WTRU processes the tail sequences, unaware that the burst was received on an OSC sub-channel or that the tail sequences were encoded as QPSK-type tail sequences. An OSC QPSK tail sequence may be chosen such that it corresponds to the legacy GMSK tail sequence format when decoded on an OSC sub-channel, but also so that a power-versus-time mask, power constraint, or... |
| Super resolution using gaussian regression | 20090274385 | 20091105 |
| A computer implemented technique for producing super resolution images from ordinary images or videos containing a number of images wherein a number of non-smooth low resolution patches comprising an image are found using edge detection methodologies. The low resolution patches are then transformed using selected basis of a Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Gaussian process regression is used to generate high resolution patches using a trained model. The high resolution patches are then combined into a high resolution image or video.
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| Super resolution using gaussian regression | 20090274385 | 20091105 |
| A computer implemented technique for producing super resolution images from ordinary images or videos containing a number of images wherein a number of non-smooth low resolution patches comprising an image are found using edge detection methodologies. The low resolution patches are then transformed using selected basis of a Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Gaussian process regression is used to generate high resolution patches using a trained model. The high resolution patches are then combined into a high resolution image or video.
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| Radio transceiver on a chip | 20090268643 | 20091029 |
| An entire radio transceiver can be completely integrated into one IC chip. In order to integrate the IF filters on the chip, a heterodyne architecture with a low IF is used. A single, directly modulated VCO is used for both up-conversion during transmission, and down-conversion during reception. Bond-wires are used as resonators in the oscillator tank for the VCO. A TDD scheme is used in the air interface to eliminate cross-talk or leakage. A Gaussian-shaped binary FSK modulation scheme is used to provide a number of other implementation advantages.
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| Offset compensation using non-uniform calibration | 20090267675 | 20091029 |
| Methods and systems for offset compensation using calibration are provided. Embodiments enable offset compensation using non-uniform calibration. Embodiments enable calibration schemes configurable according to the probability distribution function (PDF) of the random offset. Embodiments enable calibration schemes configurable with multiple levels of calibration resolution according to the PDF of the random offset. Embodiments enable calibration schemes configurable with multiple calibration step values according to the PDF of the random offset. Embodiments can be implemented for various types of random offset, including, without limitation, Gaussian-, Bernoulli-, uniformly-, Chi-, exponentially-, Gamma-, and Pareto-distributed offset.
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| Offset compensation using non-uniform calibration | 20090267675 | 20091029 |
| Methods and systems for offset compensation using calibration are provided. Embodiments enable offset compensation using non-uniform calibration. Embodiments enable calibration schemes configurable according to the probability distribution function (PDF) of the random offset. Embodiments enable calibration schemes configurable with multiple levels of calibration resolution according to the PDF of the random offset. Embodiments enable calibration schemes configurable with multiple calibration step values according to the PDF of the random offset. Embodiments can be implemented for various types of random offset, including, without limitation, Gaussian-, Bernoulli-, uniformly-, Chi-, exponentially-, Gamma-, and Pareto-distributed offset.
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| Radio transceiver on a chip | 20090268643 | 20091029 |
| An entire radio transceiver can be completely integrated into one IC chip. In order to integrate the IF filters on the chip, a heterodyne architecture with a low IF is used. A single, directly modulated VCO is used for both up-conversion during transmission, and down-conversion during reception. Bond-wires are used as resonators in the oscillator tank for the VCO. A TDD scheme is used in the air interface to eliminate cross-talk or leakage. A Gaussian-shaped binary FSK modulation scheme is used to provide a number of other implementation advantages.
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| High deflection angle crt display | 20090262237 | 20091022 |
| A display has a panel (3) connected to a funnel (5). An electron gun assembly (13) positioned in a neck (4) at a narrow end of the funnel is provided for directing electron beams toward a screen (12) on the panel. The display includes a yoke (14) to scan the beams across the screen, a degauss coil positioned on the funnel for degaussing the display, and a DC canceller coil (72) for counteracting beam displacement caused by North/South magnetic fields. The display can include a means to dynamically correct beam landing errors, additional coils near the wide end of the funnel to further assist in correcting beam landing errors, and a magnetic field sensor (17) to sense ambient magnetic fields and generate signal to appropriate drivers... |
| Noise cancellation system and method | 20090265168 | 20091022 |
| A noise cancellation apparatus includes a noise estimation module for receiving a noise-containing input speech, and estimating a noise therefrom to output the estimated noise; a first Wiener filter module for receiving the input speech, and applying a first Wiener filter thereto to output a first estimation of clean speech; a database for storing data of a Gaussian mixture model for modeling clean speech; and an MMSE estimation module for receiving the first estimation of clean speech and the data of the Gaussian mixture model to output a second estimation of clean speech. The apparatus further includes a final clean speech estimation module for receiving the second estimation of clean speech from the MMSE estimation module and the estimated noise from the noise estimation module, and... |
| Rate distortion optimization for video denoising | 20080316364 | 20081225 |
| Based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates, video denoising techniques for frames of noisy video are provided. With the assumptions that noise is similar to or satisfies Gaussian distribution and an a priori conditional density model measurable by bit rate, a MAP estimate of a denoised current frame can be expressed as a rate distortion optimization problem. A constraint minimization problem based on the rate distortion optimization problem is used to vary a lagrangian parameter to optimize the denoising process. The lagrangian parameter is determined as a function of distortion of the noise.
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| Curved sensor array apparatus and methods | 20080316462 | 20081225 |
| Curved sensor array configurations and methods of processing the data gathered by the sensors. A 2 dimensional embodiment comprises singular ring of sensors that can monitor sources in a 2 dimensional plane. A sensor directly facing a target produces a maximum response. As the angle of a sensor relative to the target increases, the response decreases. Fitting the sensor response amplitudes to a 2D Gaussian curve and calculating the peak of the curve allows a very accurate calculation of the angular direction of the target. A 3D embodiment comprises sensors distributed over the surface of a sphere in order to monitor multiple targets in any spatial orientation. Again, the sensor amplitude data is fitted to a 3D curve or surface such as a Gaussian surface. The... |
| Method and an array for magnetizing a magnetizable object | 20080316669 | 20081225 |
| Described is a method and array for magnetizing a magnetizable object. The method includes the steps of (a) applying a first degaussing signal to the magnetizable object to degauss the magnetizable object and the first degaussing signal is an alternating electrical signal having a first frequency and a first amplitude; (b) applying a magnetizing signal to the degaussed magnetizable object to magnetize the magnetizable object; and (c) applying a second degaussing signal to the magnetized magnetizable object to partially degauss the magnetized magnetizable object and the second degaussing signal is an alternating electrical signal having a second frequency and a second amplitude.
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| Optical pickup apparatus | 20080316903 | 20081225 |
| An optical pickup apparatus comprising: a collimating lens configured to convert laser light having Gaussian distribution property emitted from a laser diode from divergent light to parallel light; an objective lens configured to focus the laser light from the collimating lens onto a signal recording layer of an optical disc; and an adjustment film formed on a surface of an incident face of the collimating lens on which the laser light is incident, and configured to adjust transmittance of the laser light passing through the collimating lens, the adjustment film being formed on the surface of the incident face so that the transmittance is lower on the inner side of the incident face than on the outer side of the incident face.
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| Characterizing non-compensable jitter in an electronic signal | 20080317109 | 20081225 |
| One embodiment of the present invention processes a signal of interest through an optional reference channel, combines the resulting signal with white noise, and then processes the noisy signal through a reference receiver. Two metrics are calculated from the results of that processing: Non-Compensable Data-Dependent Jitter (NC-DDJ) and Enhanced Transmitter and Waveform Dispersion Penalty (Enhanced TWDP). Within the reference receiver, a variable delay module sweeps the eye opening defined by the noise-free samples of the signal of interest and determines the transition points (i.e., edges) of the eye opening. Those transition points are compared to the Unit Interval to yield NC-DDJ. Further, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the noisy samples of the signal of interest is compared to the SNR of an ideal receiver (i.e., matched... |
| Reliable multicarrier communication in the presence of timing phase error | 20080317110 | 20081225 |
| A method, system and apparatus for reliable multicarrier communication in the presence of timing phase error is disclosed. Phase noise due to a sampling-time phase mismatch between a transmitter device and a receiver device is measured in a signal. A Gaussian noise power level in the signal is determined, and a gain factor associated with the phase noise is calculated. The gain factor is applied to the Gaussian noise power level to calculate an equivalent noise power. In one aspect, the equivalent noise power is used to determine a signal-to-noise ratio. In another aspect, the signal is a multicarrier signal including a plurality of sub-carriers.
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| Method for manufacturing crystalline semiconductor film and semiconductor device | 20080318398 | 20081225 |
| There is provided a method for manufacturing a crystalline semiconductor film. An insulating film is formed over a substrate; an amorphous semiconductor film is formed over the insulating film; a cap film is formed over the amorphous semiconductor film; the amorphous semiconductor film is scanned and irradiated with a continuous wave laser beam or a laser beam with a repetition rate of greater than or equal to 10 MHz, through the cap film; and the amorphous semiconductor film is melted and crystallized. At that time, an energy period in a length direction in a laser beam spot of the laser beam is 0.5 μm to 10 μm, preferably, 1 μm to 5 μm; an energy distribution in a width direction in a laser beam spot of... |
| Method and apparatus for a simplified maximum likelihood demodulator for dual carrier modulation | 20080309526 | 20081218 |
| A novel method and apparatus for wireless communication systems for simplifying the maximum likelihood (ML) Dual Carrier Modulated (DCM) demodulation for received DCM signals over frequency selective channels are disclosed. The disclosed method and apparatus are based on the Minimum Euclidean Distance (MED) decoding, which is equivalent to the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding for a frequency-selective wireless channel with Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN). Compared to the traditional ML decoder, the disclosed method and apparatus reduce the hypothesis testing from that of a 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16 QAM) to that of a 4 QAM, or Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK). Thus computation and hardware complexity can be reduced.
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| Compact broad-band admittance tunnel incorporating gaussian beam antennas | 20080309571 | 20081218 |
| A plane wave antenna including: a horn antenna; a waveguide at least partially inside the horn antenna, wherein the waveguide includes: a central dielectric slab increasing in width toward the horn antenna and with a first dielectric constant, an upper slab above the central dielectric slab with a second dielectric constant, and a lower slab below the central dielectric slab with the second dielectric constant; wherein the central dielectric slab has a substantially constant thickness less than a quarter of a wavelength at a highest frequency of operation of the plane wave antenna.
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| Networks | 20080310426 | 20081218 |
| (iii) a neighbouring node receiving the mixture in a channel filter that contains a similar Gaussian representation of its own estimate of system state, and dividing the incoming mixture by the existing mixture, for updating the estimate of the system state that is maintained at the node.
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| Two dimensional optical scanning image system | 20080304123 | 20081211 |
| An ultra high speed miniature two dimensional electro-optic image acquisition system uses prisms of varying geometries to control the amount of horizontal deflection and a Bragg grating to control the amount of vertical deflection. A collimating lens array and a Gaussian profile Bragg grating help confine the beam diameter of the deflected light beam. A separate prism further bends light into the vertical direction. A spherical lens focuses light onto a photodetector array for display.
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| Method and apparatus for extraction and matching of biometric detail | 20080298642 | 20081204 |
| A method and apparatus of identification by extracting and matching biometric detail from a subcutaneous vein infrared image. The image's Region of Interest is identified and artifacts are removed. A bank of filters, such as Symmetric Gabor Filters, Complex Gabor Filters, Log Gabor Filters, Oriented Gaussian Functions, or Wavelets, filters the image into a set of key value images that are subdivided into regions. An enrollment key, defined by ordered statistical measures of pixel intensities within the regions, is compared using a distance metric to a stored verification key. Various statistical measures may be used, such as variance, standard deviation, mean, absolute average deviation, max value, min value, max absolute value, median value, or a combination of these statistical measures. Various distance metrics may be used,... |
| Efficient speech recognition with cluster methods | 20080300875 | 20081204 |
| A speech recognition method and system, the method comprising the steps of providing a speech model, said speech model includes at least a portion of a state of Gaussian, clustering said Gaussian of said speech model to give N clusters of Gaussians, wherein N is an integer and utilizing said Gaussian in recognizing an utterance.
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| Fixing device, image forming apparatus, and heating control method for fixing device | 20080285996 | 20081120 |
| A fixing device includes a heat roller having a degaussing alloy material, an induction heating member for exciting the heat roller, an inverter circuit for giving power at a predetermined frequency to the induction heating member, and a control unit, and when driving at a first drive frequency and fixing small size sheets by continuous passing, a local temperature rise occurs at an end part of the heat roller, and the end part approaches the Curie temperature, and when impedance of the inverter circuit reduces and an excessive current flows in the circuit, the fixing device drives at a higher second drive frequency, thereby increases a resistance of the heat roller by an epidermal effect of magnetic flux, increases an apparent resistance of the inverter circuit,... |
| Process for enrichment of anatase mechanical concentrates in order to obtain synthetic rutile with low contents of rare earth and radioactive elements | 20080286181 | 20081120 |
| The present invention relates to a process for obtaining synthetic rutile with low contents of rare earth and radioactive elements from anatase mechanical concentrates, comprising the following sequential operations: calcination (1) of the anatase concentrate in a fluidized bed or rotary kiln, at a temperature between 400° C. and 600° C., during a period of time from 15 to 60 minutes, wherein hydrated iron oxides are converted into hematite after hydration water is removed, providing a reduction in the time required for next step; reduction (2) of the calcined product, in a fluidized bed or rotary kiln, at a temperature between 400° C. and 600° C., during a period of time from 5 to 30 minutes, using hydrogen, natural gas or any carbon based reducing agent... |
| Scene-based non-uniformity correction method using local constant statistics | 20080278607 | 20081113 |
| A scene-based non-uniformity correction method employing local constant statistics for eliminating fixed pattern noise in a video comprising a plurality of images is disclosed, comprising the steps of providing an initial gain image, an initial offset image, a predetermined pyramid level, and a filter of a predetermined level; setting one of the plurality of input images to the current image; calculating a temporary true scene image for the current image based on the initial gain image and the initial offset image; accumulating a temporal mean image and a temporal standard deviation image based on the calculated temporary true scene image; setting another of the plurality of images to the current image and repeating the setting, calculating, and accumulating steps until substantially all of the images of... |
| System and method for verifying face of user using light mask | 20080279426 | 20081113 |
| A system and method for verifying the face of a user using a light mask are provided. The system includes a facial feature extraction unit for extracting a facial feature vector from a facial image received from a camera. A non-user Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) configuration unit generates a non-user GMM from a facial image stored in a non-user database (DB). A user GMM configuration unit generates a user GMM by applying light masks to a facial image stored in a user DB. A log-likelihood value calculation unit inputs the facial feature vector both to the non-user GMM and to the user GMM, thus calculating log-likelihood values. A user verification unit compares the calculated log-likelihood values with a predetermined threshold, thus verifying whether the received facial... |
| Adaptive point-based elastic image registration | 20080279428 | 20081113 |
| The present invention aims at improving the point-based elastic registration paradigm. According to the present invention, a force field, for example, with Gaussian-shaped forces, is applied at several points to the image to be deformed. In this case, no landmark correspondences are required and the optimal positions of the force application point are found automatically, which minimizes the difference between the source and target image. Advantageously, this may allow to control a local influence of individual control points.
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| Method of pattern recognition using noise reduction uncertainty | 20080281591 | 20081113 |
| A method and apparatus are provided for using the uncertainty of a noise-removal process during pattern recognition. In particular, noise is removed from a representation of a portion of a noisy signal to produce a representation of a cleaned signal. In the meantime, an uncertainty associated with the noise removal is computed and is used with the representation of the cleaned signal to modify a probability for a phonetic state in the recognition system. In particular embodiments, the uncertainty is used to modify a probability distribution, by increasing the variance in each Gaussian distribution by the amount equal to the estimated variance of the cleaned signal, which is used in decoding the phonetic state sequence in a pattern recognition task.
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| Quantum theory-based continuous precision nmr/mri: method and apparatus | 20080272775 | 20081106 |
| A method for spin magnetic resonance applications in general, and for performing NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance imaging) in particular is disclosed. It is a quantum theory—based continuous precision method. This method directly makes use of spin magnetic resonance random emissions to generate its auto-correlation function and power spectrum, from which are derived the relaxation times and spin number density. The method substantially reduces the NMR/MRI machine and data processing complexity, thereby making NMR/MRI machines much less-costly, much less-bulky, more accurate, and easier to operate than the current pulsed NMR/MRI. By employing extremely low transverse RF magnetic B1 field (around or less 0.01 Gauss), MRI with this method is much safer for patients. And, by employing continuous spin magnetic resonance emissions,... |
| Uwb receiver designs based on a gaussian-laplacian noise-plus-mai model | 20080273629 | 20081106 |
| Two novel receiver structures which surpass the performance of the conventional matched filter receiver are proposed for ultra-wide bandwidth multiple access communications. The proposed receiver structures are derived based on a more appropriate statistical model for the multiple access interference than the generally used Gaussian approximation.
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| Plasmon excitation by the gaussian-like core mode of a photonic crystal waveguide | 20080266567 | 20081030 |
| A sensor and method for surface plasmon resonance sensing, wherein a small variation of the refractive index of an ambient medium results in a large variation of loss of a sensing mode. The surface plasmon resonance sensor comprises an antiguiding waveguide including a core characterized by a refractive index and a reflector surrounding the core. The reflector has an external surface and is characterized by a band gap and a refractive index higher than the refractive index of the core. A coating is deposited on the external surface of the core, the coating defining with the ambient medium a coating/ambient medium interface. In operation, the coating is in contact with the ambient medium, and the antiguiding waveguide is supplied with an electromagnetic radiation to (a) propagate... |
| Algorithms for selecting mass density candidates from digital mammograms | 20080267470 | 20081030 |
| The present invention provides a method for selecting mass density candidates from mammograms for computer-aided lesion detection, review and diagnosis. The method has two steps: a Gaussian difference filter to enhance the intensity and a Canny detector to find potential mass density contours. For circumscribed masses, an additional Hough circle detector is used. This invention makes use of both intensity and morphology information and only processes each image at a single gray-level, so both sensitivity and processing time are improved. The selection algorithm can be also used to select mass candidates from ultrasound images, from 3D tomosynthesis mammography images and from breast MRI images.
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| Magnetic disk, method of manufacturing the magnetic disk and method of evaluating the magnetic disk | 20080268294 | 20081030 |
| A protection layer containing carbon as a major component is deposited by plasma CVD. The protection layer has film quality such that, when a spectrum is obtained by excluding photoluminescence from a Raman spectrum in a wavenumber band from 900 cm−1 to 1800 cm−1 obtained by exciting the protection layer with an argon ion laser beam having a wavelength of 514.5 nm and the spectrum is subjected to waveform separation by the Gaussian function to split a D peak appearing around 1350 cm−1 and a G peak appearing around 1520 cm−1, the ratio Dw/Gw between a half width Dw of the D peak and a half width Gw of the G peak exceeds 0 and is not greater than 2.7.
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| Plasma processing apparatus | 20080257261 | 20081023 |
| Embodiments of the present invention relate to plasma processing apparatus and methods of use thereof. In some embodiments, a plasma control magnet assembly includes a plurality of magnets arranged in a predetermined pattern that generate a magnetic field having a strength greater than 10 Gauss in a region proximate the assembly and less than 10 Gauss in a region remote from the assembly.
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| Simulating short depth of field to maximize privacy in videotelephony | 20080259154 | 20081023 |
| An arrangement for simulating a short depth of field in a captured videophone image is provided in which the background portion of the image is digitally segregated and blurred to render it indistinct. Thus, the displayed video of a user in the foreground is kept in focus while the background appears to be out of focus. Image tracking or fixed templates are used to segregate an area of interest that is kept in focus from the remaining captured video image. Image processing techniques are applied to groups of pixels in the remaining portion to blur that portion of the captured video image. Such techniques include the application of a filter that are alternatively selected from convolution filters in the spatial domain (e.g., mean, median, or Gaussian... |
| Dynamic digital pre-distortion system | 20080260066 | 20081023 |
| A Dynamic Digital Pre-Distortion (DDPD) system is disclosed to rapidly correct power amplifier (PA) non-linearity and memory effects. To perform pre-distortion, a DDPD engine predistorts an input signal in order to cancel PA nonlinearities as the signal is amplified by the PA. The DDPD engine is implemented as a composite of one linear filter and N-1 high order term linear filters. The bank of linear filters have programmable complex coefficients. To compute the coefficients, samples from the transmit path and a feedback path are captured, and covariance matrices A and B are computed using optimized hardware. After the covariance matrices are computed, Gaussian elimination processing may be employed to compute the coefficients. Mathematical and hardware optimizations may be employed to simplify and reduce the number of... |
| Plasma processing method | 20080260966 | 20081023 |
| Embodiments of the present invention relate to plasma processing apparatus and methods of use thereof. In some embodiments, a method of controlling a plasma in a process chamber includes providing a chamber for processing a substrate and having a processing volume defined therein wherein a plasma is to be formed during operation, the chamber further having a plasma control magnet assembly comprising a plurality of magnets that provide a magnetic field having a magnitude is greater than about 10 Gauss in an upper region of the processing volume and less than about 10 Gauss in a lower region of the processing volume proximate a substrate to be processed; supplying a process gas to the chamber; and forming a plasma in the processing volume from the process... |
| Cmos model generating apparatus and method, program of the method and recording medium | 20080262807 | 20081023 |
| A CMOS model generating apparatus 1 according to the present invention generates a CMOS model by converting an In-Ip space into an xn-xp space such that a typical condition TT and corner conditions FF, SS in the In-Ip space become (0, 0), (α, α) and (−α, −α) in the xn-xp space, determining an ellipse fitting to the respective mappings of the corner conditions FF, SS, FS and SF with the mapping (0, 0) of the typical condition TT as a center, expressing two independent principal components in the form of a Gaussian distribution using the major and minor axes of this ellipse as axes of the principal components, and obtaining a probability distribution determining deviations of the Gaussian distribution such that the cumulative probability within this... |
| Aperture matched polyrod antenna | 20080252541 | 20081016 |
| A dielectric polyrod having at least one tapered section, where a section exposed outside of the waveguide is tapered a long a curve that depends on the dielectric constant of the material used. The invention also relates to an aperture matched polyrod antenna which includes the same and an inductive tuning element used to achieve wideband impedance match and to create a Gaussian beam in the radiating near field of the antenna, suitable to mimic a small region plane wave.
... |
| System and method for monitoring laser shock processing | 20070296968 | 20071227 |
| A method and system for monitoring laser shock peening of a work piece. A line spectrum is obtained from radiation emitted by a plasma produced by a laser shock peening process. The shape of the line spectrum about its emission peak is compared to a defined line shape to verify proper operation of the laser shock peening process. The line shape may be a Lorentzian line shape corresponding to a desired line shape. The line shape may a Gaussian line shape corresponding to an undesired line shape. The system can also detect the failure mode that occurs when the opaque layer is broken through by detecting the plasma spectral component produced by the work piece material, along with the plasma produced by the opaque layer.
... |
| Method of and apparatus for generating a depth map utilized in autofocusing | 20070297784 | 20071227 |
| A method of and an apparatus for determining a depth map utilizing a movable lens and an image sensor are described herein. The depth information is acquired by moving the lens a short distance and acquiring multiple images with different blur quantities. An improved method of simulating gaussian blur and an approximation equation that relates a known gaussian blur quantity to a known pillbox quantity are used in conjunction with a non-linear blur difference equation. The blur quantity difference is able to be calculated and then used to determine the depth map. Many applications are possible using the method and system described herein, such as autofocusing, surveillance, robot/computer vision, autonomous vehicle navigation, multi-dimensional imaging and data compression.
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| Detector head position calibration and correction for spect imaging apparatus using virtual ct | 20070290125 | 20071220 |
| A multiple point source test phantom is used for calibration of detector positioning of a nuclear medical imaging apparatus. An absolute coordinate system for the detectors is aligned to an image reconstruction space coordinate system by fitting a Gaussian surface to a peak of a center point source of said test phantom, and using displacement parameters as obtained from the fitted Gaussian surface to calculate a displacement correction parameter, which is used to move a patient bed of the imaging apparatus such that the image reconstruction space is aligned with the absolute coordinate system.
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| Gaussian fitting on mean curvature maps of parameterization of corneal ectatic diseases | 20070291228 | 20071220 |
| The present invention discloses a method for characterizing ectatic diseases of the cornea by computing a mean curvature map of the anterior or posterior surfaces of the cornea and fitting the map to a Gaussian function to characterize the surface features of the map. Exemplary ectatic disease that may be characterized include keratoconus and pellucid marginal degeneration. Also disclosed are a system for diagnosing ectatic disease of the cornea and a computer readable medium encoding the method thereof.
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| Circuit arrangement for degaussing a picture tube, and respective picture display device | 20070278961 | 20071206 |
| The circuit arrangement for degaussing a picture tube comprises a degaussing coil (ES), a single PTC element (T) and a switch (R), the degaussing coil (ES), the single PTC element (T) and the switch (R) being connected in series For a degaussing, the degaussing coil (ES) is activated by means of the switch (R) for a defined time interval such that the switch-off takes place at an ampere-turns product of greater than 5.
... |
| Gauss-rees parametric ultrawideband system | 20070274152 | 20071129 |
| Gauss-Rees waveform utilization in identifying an object, including: directing a primary acoustic waveform at the object to produce a nonlinear acoustic effect; receiving a secondary wavelet produced by the nonlinear effect; and processing the received secondary wavelet in identifying the object. The object is identified by composition, image, and preferably both. The object can be concealed in a container, underground, under water, or otherwise.
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| Apparatus and method for measuring received signal strength indicator, and recording medium storing program embodying the same method | 20070274377 | 20071129 |
| An apparatus for estimating a RSSI of a signal transmitted/received in a wireless network, the apparatus including an ADC quantizing one of I-branch and Q-branch signals, extracted from the signal, into a digital signal; an absolute value calculating unit calculating an absolute value of the digital signal quantized by the ADC and outputting a result; an accumulate unit accumulating an output of the absolute calculating unit for a given time period and outputting a result; a square unit squaring an output of the accumulate unit and outputting a result; and a multiply unit multiplying an output of the square unit by a given value and outputting a result, the given value being determined based on the number of input bits, an input clip level, and input... |
| Cdma signal generator using an awgn generator and a saw filter | 20070275663 | 20071129 |
| There is provided a CDMA generator using an AWGN generator and a SAW filter. The CDMA generator according to the present invention comprises (1) an additive white Gaussian noise generator for generating a first broad band noise in an RF receiving band, (2) a first signal generator for generating a first conversion frequency signal, (3) a first mixer for mixing the first broad band noise in the RF receiving band with the first conversion frequency signal to provide a second broad band noise in an IF band, the IF band including a CDMA band and a remaining frequency band that is exclusive of the CDMA band, (4) a SAW filter for attenuating a third broad band noise in the remaining frequency band within the IF band... |
| Efficient statistical timing analysis of circuits | 20070277134 | 20071129 |
| Statistical timing analysis methods for circuits are described which compensate for circuit elements having correlated timing delays with a high degree of computational efficiency. An quadratic timing model is used to represent each delay element along a circuit path, wherein each element's delay has a first-order relationship to local variations and a second-order relationship to global variations. Propagation of the modeled delays through the circuit is efficiently done via straightforward ADD operations where an input propagates through another element in a circuit path, and via a MAX operation (or an approximation thereof) where two or more inputs merge at an intersection. The inputs to the MAX operator can be tested for gaussianity, and can be processed by the MAX operation (or its approximation) if they are... |
| Robust transmission system and method for mobile television applications | 20070277209 | 20071129 |
| A data transmission system and method for DVB-H signals for enhancing data robustness of a DVB-H receiver in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels includes transmitting IP datagrams from a DVB-H transmitter to the DVB-H receiver; applying a MPE section and a FEC section to the transmitted IP datagrams; mapping the transmitted IP datagrams to TS packets; aligning boundaries of the transmitted IP datagrams to a given number of TS packets; fixing a size of the IP datagrams to a known value at the DVB-H receiver; and extracting the IP datagrams from the DVB-H receiver.
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| Method and an apparatus for applying a coating on a substrate | 20070269612 | 20071122 |
| A method and apparatus for applying a coating on a substrate, wherein, opposite the substrate, at least two expanding thermal plasma (ETP) sources are arranged which provide the substrate with a coating, wherein the substrate is located in a process room in which the pressure is lower than the pressure, prevailing in the ETP sources, of a carrier gas which is introduced into the process room via the sources and which forms the expanding plasma, wherein the coating provided by each source has a layer thickness according to a certain deposition profile, for instance a Gaussian deposition profile, and wherein different process parameters are chosen such that, after the coating process, the addition of the deposition profiles results in a substantially uniform layer thickness of the... |
| Methods and systems for data link front end filters for sporadic updates | 20070271032 | 20071122 |
| Systems and methods having front end filters for data links for improved tracking of moving objects are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes sensing at least one characteristic of a moveable object using a sensor of an acquisition system, and sensing at least one characteristic of the moveable object using an auxiliary sensor. A data link update is transmitted from the auxiliary sensor to the acquisition system, and the data link update is conditioned to provide composite likelihood. The conditioning includes differencing the data link update and at least one predicted characteristic of the moveable object to produce at least one residual (e.g. using a plurality of Kalman filters). A viewing direction of the sensor may be adjusted based at least in part on the... |
| Ultrasound imaging system | 20070265531 | 20071115 |
| The present invention is directed to an ultrasound imaging system and method for Doppler processing of data. The ultrasonic imaging system efficiently addresses the data computational and processing needs of Doppler processing. Software executable sequences in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention determines the phase shift and the auto-correlation phase of filtered image data. In a preferred embodiment, the system of ultrasonic imaging also includes a sequence of instructions for Doppler processing that provides the functions for demodulation, Gauss Match filtering, auto-correlation calculation, phase shift calculation, frame averaging, and scan conversion implemented with Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) or Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD) instructions. In a preferred embodiment, the ultrasound imaging system of the present invention includes a processing module; and memory... |
| Team matching | 20070265718 | 20071115 |
| Players in a gaming environment, particularly, electronic on-line gaming environments, may be scored relative to each other or to a predetermined scoring system. The scoring of each player may be based on the outcomes of games between players who compete against each other in one or more teams of one or more players. Each player's score may be represented as a distribution over potential scores which may indicate a confidence level in the distribution representing the player's score. The score distribution for each player may be modeled with a Gaussian distribution and may be determined through a Bayesian inference algorithm. The scoring may be used to track a player's progress and/or standing within the gaming environment, used in a leaderboard indication of rank, and/or may be... |
| System and method for generating heterogeneously tied gaussian mixture models for automatic speech recognition acoustic models | 20070260459 | 20071108 |
| A system for, and method of, generating an acoustic model and a heterogeneously tied mixture (HTM) acoustic model generated by means of the system and the method. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a first tyer configured to employ a first tying structure to tie weighted Gaussian distributions in a first pool to a first group of phones and (2) a second tyer associated with the first tyer and configured to employ a second tying structure to tie weighted Gaussian distributions in a second pool to a second group of phones, the first tying structure differing from the second tying structure, the weighted Gaussian distributions in the first pool being mutually exclusive of the weighted Gaussian distributions in the second pool, at least a criterion... |
| Soft alignment in gaussian mixture model based transformation | 20070256189 | 20071101 |
| Systems and methods are provided for performing soft alignment in Gaussian mixture model (GMM) based and other vector transformations. Soft alignment may assign alignment probabilities to source and target feature vector pairs. The vector pairs and associated probabilities may then be used calculate a conversion function, for example, by computing GMM training parameters from the joint vectors and alignment probabilities to create a voice conversion function for converting speech sounds from a source speaker to a target speaker.
... |
| Magnetic disk degaussing device and degaussing method | 20070247776 | 20071025 |
| Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide a degaussing device and a degaussing method capable of efficiently degaussing a magnetic disk, especially, a magnetic disk of the perpendicular magnetic recording system, without resorting to a magnetic field of a high intensity. Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide a degaussing method of degaussing a magnetic disk not yet installed in a magnetic disk drive by applying an external magnetic field to the magnetic disk by a degaussing device. In accordance with one embodiment, the method includes disposing the magnetic disk in the degaussing device such that the direction of an external magnetic field is inclined at an angle to the axis of easy magnetization of the magnetic disk.
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| High power vcsels with transverse mode control | 20070242716 | 20071018 |
| A single mode high power laser device such as a VCSEL is formed with two oxide apertures, one on each side of the active region or cavity. The sizes of the apertures and the distances from the apertures to the cavity center are chosen or optimum, near-Gaussian current density distribution. The high power of a VCSEL thus formed is improved still more by good heat removal by either formation of a via through the substrate and gold plating on top and bottom of the VCSEL (including the via) or by lifting the VCSEL structure from the substrate and locating it on a heat sink.
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| Robust click-point linking with geometric configuration context: interactive localized registration approach | 20070242901 | 20071018 |
| A framework is disclosed for robust click-point linking, defined as estimating a single point-wise correspondence between a pair of data domains given a user-specified point in one domain. It can also be interpreted as robust and efficient interactive localized registration of a monomodal data pair. To link visually dissimilar local regions, the concept of Geometric Configuration Context (GCC) is introduced. GCC represents the spatial likelihood of the point corresponding to the click-point in the other domain. A set of scale-invariant saliency features are pre-computed for both data, and GCC is modeled by a Gaussian mixture whose component mean and width are determined as a function of the neighboring saliency features and their correspondences. This allows correspondence of dissimilar parts using only geometrical relations without comparing the... |
| Device and method to determine the contrast sensitivity of an individual's visual system | 20070236666 | 20071011 |
| A device to determine the contrast sensitivity of an individual's visual system by means of a series of tests in a measurement session, comprising a means for producing real time digital images, corresponding to modulated visual stimuli; and a display means for presenting said images to an individual's eye, wherein said stimuli may be modulated around an average stimulus in any direction of the color space and may be configured in their spatial and temporal characteristics for each measurement session. Said stimuli are usually chosen in the cardinal directions of the color space and respond to a sinusoidal grid pattern with spatial and temporal modulation, and with a two dimensional gaussian envelope.
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| System and method for a single stage tunable ultra-wideband pulse generator | 20070237208 | 20071011 |
| The present invention provides a single-stage tunable Ultra-Wideband (UWB) pulse generator, by creating and differentiating a variable edge rate signal. Edge rate variability is introduced by first applying a step recovery diode (SRD) to compress the edges of the source and then applying a simple RC network to adjust the edge rate. Next, the resulting signal is differentiated using microstrip transmission lines. The tunable generator resulting from this approach demonstrates a Gaussian and monocycle pulses with good symmetry and low distortion over the tunable range.
... |
| Image segmentation using spatial-color gaussian mixture models | 20070237393 | 20071011 |
| A spatial-color Gaussian mixture model (SCGMM) image segmentation technique for segmenting images. The SCGMM image segmentation technique specifies foreground objects in the first frame of an image sequence, either manually or automatically. From the initial segmentation, the SCGMM segmentation system learns two spatial-color Gaussian mixture models (SCGMM) for the foreground and background objects. These models are built into a first-order Markov random field (MRF) energy function. The minimization of the energy function leads to a binary segmentation of the images in the image sequence, which can be solved efficiently using a conventional graph cut procedure
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| General graphical gaussian modeling method and apparatus therefore | 20070239415 | 20071011 |
| A graphical Gaussian modeling method capable of speedily and accurately estimating a genetic network from an expression profile and an apparatus therefore are provided. The present invention provides a graphical Gaussian modeling method for estimating a genetic network including the steps of (a) clustering genes based on an expression profile, (b) selecting genes having a profile closest to a mean value of an expression profile per cluster to be used as representative genes representing the cluster, (c) obtaining a correlation coefficient matrix among representative genes, (d) obtaining a partial correlation coefficient matrix from the correlation coefficient matrix, (e) contracting the partial correlation coefficient matrix according to predetermined conditions and (f) displaying a contracted model based on the contracted partial correlation coefficient matrix.
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| Method, apparatus, mobile terminal and computer program product for providing efficient evaluation of feature transformation | 20070239634 | 20071011 |
| An apparatus for providing efficient evaluation of feature transformation includes a training module and a transformation module. The training module is configured to train a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) using training source data and training target data. The transformation module is in communication with the training module. The transformation module is configured to produce a conversion function in response to the training of the GMM. The training module is further configured to determine a quality of the conversion function prior to use of the conversion function by calculating a trace measurement of the GMM.
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| Magnetic fuel conditioner | 20070227958 | 20071004 |
| A magnetic fuel conditioner according to the present invention includes an inner pipe, an outer pipe surrounding the inner pipe with sufficient clearance that fuel can pass between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, a plurality of magnets placed inside the inner pipe with like magnetic poles facing each other, and a plurality of mild steel disks placed between each pair of magnets. In a preferred form, the inner pipe and the outer pipe are made of stainless steel. An outer sleeve of mild steel surrounds the outer pipe. In a preferred arrangement, each of the plurality of magnets is cylindrically shaped to tightly fit into the inner pipe and is in the range of from about 9000 gauss to about 10,000 gauss. Typically, the... |
| Digital gaussian noise simulator | 20070230621 | 20071004 |
| In some embodiments, a segment is defined based on α and i. The segment is divided into points based on respective values of j, and the magnitude is calculated for each point of the segment. The defining and dividing segments and calculating the magnitude is iteratively repeated for each value of i.
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| Time-domain device noise simulator | 20070233444 | 20071004 |
| In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes a simulator for emulating various types of device noise in time-domain circuit simulations. The simulator is capable of adding noise to transistors as well as passive elements like resistors. The simulator utilizes at least one current source in parallel to a device to emulate the noise. The current source generates a random current output to emulate the device noise based on a random Gaussian number and the standard deviation of the device noise. The noise standard deviation can be determined based on the noise power spectral density of the device having a particular bias at that simulation time and the update time. The simulator is capable of emulating any noise source with a constant or monotonically decreasing noise... |
| System and method for accommodating non-gaussian and non-linear sources of variation in statistical static timing analysis | 20070234256 | 20071004 |
| There is provided a system and method for statistical timing analysis and optimization of an electrical circuit having two or more digital elements. The system includes at least one parameter input and a statistical static timing analyzer and electrical circuit optimizer. The at least one parameter input is for receiving parameters of the electrical circuit. At least one of the parameters has at least one of a non-Gaussian probability distribution and a non-linear delay effect. The statistical static timing analyzer and electrical circuit optimizer is for calculating at least one of a signal arrival time and a signal required time for the electrical circuit using the at least one parameter and for modifying a component size of the electrical circuit to alter gate timing characteristics of... |
| Magnetized exercise mat | 20070225124 | 20070927 |
| The present invention involves an exercise mat having magnetic properties. The mat is preferably rectangular in shape and comprised of magnetized polyvinyl chloride foam material. A thin net layer of fibers can be positioned on top of and/or below the foam layer to increase strength and durability. The foam material can contain a magnetic flux in the range of 400 gauss to 3950 gauss, preferably 800 gauss to 2550 gauss. Alternatively, the exercise mat can comprise an inner layer of magnetic material surrounded by outer layers of non-magnetized foam material. The exercise mat can also contain two or more handle grips or support openings for use when performing various activities, such as yoga or aerobic exercises.
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| Compress-forward coding with n-psk modulation for the half-duplex gaussian relay channel | 20070217541 | 20070920 |
| Systems and methods that implement compress-forward (CF) coding with N-PSK modulation for the relay channel are disclosed, where N is greater than or equal to two. In the CF scheme, Wyner-Ziv coding is applied at the relay to exploit the joint statistics between signals at the relay and the destination. Quantizer design and selection of channel code parameters are discussed. Low-density parity check (LDPC) codes are used for error protection at the source, and nested scalar quantization (NSQ) and irregular repeat accumulate (IRA) codes for Wyner Ziv coding (or more precisely, distributed joint source-channel coding) at the relay. The destination system decodes original message information using (a) a first signal received from the source in a first interval and (b) a second signal that represents a... |
| Method for modeling cast shadows in videos | 20060290780 | 20061228 |
| A method models a scene. A video is acquired of the scene, and for each frame of the video, the method updates a set of background models for each pixel; a set of shadow models for each pixel; a set of shadow flow vectors for each color; and a background shadow map. Each pixel in each background model and each shadow model is represented by multiple layers. Each layer includes Gaussian distributions and each Gaussian distribution includes a mean and a covariance. The covariance is an inverse Wishart distribution and the updating is according to a recursive Bayesian estimation process.
... |
| Estimating bit error probability (bep) in an edge wireless system | 20060291591 | 20061228 |
| Distribution parameter mapping determines the bit error probability (BEP) of a burst transmitted from a base station to the mobile station using a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) specified in the EDGE standard. Depending on whether the multi-bit soft decisions of the burst most resemble a Gaussian or a Rician distribution, the statistical parameters μ and □ or A and □ are determined. The ratio μ/□ or A/□ is mapped to an empirically determined BEP in a Gaussian or Rician lookup table, respectively. The BEPs are not influenced by the degree of code redundancy in the MCS. The BEPs for the four bursts in a radio block are then averaged, filtered and quantized according to the EDGE standard. The quantization level of the average BEP is... |
| Methods for improved data dependent acquisition | 20060284067 | 20061221 |
| A method of analyzing data from a mass spectrometer for a data dependent acquisition is described. In an embodiment of this method, mass spectral scans are taken of a sample eluted from a liquid chromatography column. An extracted ion chromatogram (XIC) is then created for each m/z data point of the mass spectral scans and the XIC for each m/z data point are correlated to a model function, such as a monotonically increasing function, or the first half of a gaussian function, to obtain a XIC correlation value. A weighting function is then applied to the XIC correlation value to obtain a current weighted intensity. The current weighted intensity for each m/z point is used to reconstruct a weighted mass spectrum, which is then used to... |
| Return light adverse effect suppressing optical unit, image forming apparatus, and printing system | 20060285177 | 20061221 |
| An optical light source unit includes a light source that emits a beam, and a collimate lens that collimates the beam and executes imaging on an imaging surface. The beam substantially has light intensity of Gauss distribution in a cross section after passing through the collimate lens. A radius of the beam in a cross section is larger in a sub scanning direction than that in a main scanning direction at a beam waist and on the imaging surface. An entry angle of the beam entering the imaging surface with a normal line of the imaging surface is larger than a diverse angle of the beam returning and diverging from the imaging surface.
... |
| Kits, apparatus and methods for magnetically coating medical devices with living cells | 20060286137 | 20061221 |
| Medical devices with surfaces on which viable biologic cells are magnetically attracted and retained are disclosed along with methods of magnetic coating. The medical devices can be located in a carrier liquid containing high concentrations of magnetic cells before or after implantation. The carrier liquid with magnetic cells may be contact with the medical device in vitro or in vivo. In either case, the carrier liquid may have a concentration of magnetic cells that is high enough to facilitate coating of the medical device within an acceptable period of time, e.g., several hours or less. Magnetization of medical devices before, during, and/or after implantation and apparatus for performing the same are disclosed. Degaussing of magnetic medical devices is also disclosed.
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| Magnetic field sensing device | 20060273419 | 20061207 |
| The invention is directed to a magnetic field sensing device (FSD) capable of visually indicating exposure to a magnetic field with a strength that exceeds a threshold value. The magnetic FSD comprises a magnetic layer magnetized to define a pattern. The threshold value is approximately equal to a coercivity of the magnetic layer of the FSD, which is at least approximately 3000 Oersteds. The pattern becomes visible when a finely divided magnetic material is applied over the magnetic layer. Then, when the FSD is exposed to a magnetic field with a strength that exceeds the threshold, the pattern visibly alters (e.g., typically disappears altogether). Accordingly, upon re-application of the finely divided magnetic material, the alteration of the pattern is evidence of successful degaussing.
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| Diffraction beam homogenizer optical system using wedge | 20060274418 | 20061207 |
| In a diffractive optical element (DOE) of diffracting a Gaussian distribution beam into a uniform or quasi-uniform power distribution beam on an image plane, step height errors or other manufacturing errors yield a zero-th order beam, cause interference between the diffracted beam and the zero-th order beam and invite power fluctuation. Instead of a parallel planar shape, a wedge-shaped DOE having surfaces inclining at an angle Θ in average separates the zero-th order beam from the diffraction beam, prevents the zero-th order beam from interfering with the diffraction beam and suppress power fluctuation of the diffraction beam. The wedge angle Θ satisfies an inequality Θ≧{+(D/L)}/(n−1), where D is a diameter of the incident beam, n is a refractive index of the DOE, L is a distance... |
| Quaternary precoded continuous phase modulation soft bit metric demodulator | 20060274862 | 20061207 |
| A receiver generates log-likelihood-ratio-based soft bit metrics of precoded quaternary continuous phase modulation signals using four state-constrained trellises and a streamlined maximum likelihood sequence estimation Viterbi algorithm requiring no survivor state storage elements for a preferred error correction-coded quaternary Gaussian minimum shift keying communication system employing reduced-complexity pulse-amplitude modulation matched-filtering and soft-decision decoding.
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| Systems and methods for improved gaussian noise filtering | 20060274962 | 20061207 |
| According to some embodiments, systems and methods for improved Gaussian noise filtering may be provided. In some embodiments, a system, method, and/or article of manufacture may be operable to receive, at a Gaussian noise filter, video input comprising data associated with a plurality of video pixels, identify a pixel from the plurality of pixels that is associated with an anomaly, determine if the identified pixel is a singularity pixel, filter the video input, in the case that the pixel is a singularity pixel, utilizing a singularity filter, filter the video input, in the case that the pixel is not a singularity pixel, utilizing a threshold filter, refine the filtered video input utilizing data associated with edge detection to create video output, and provide the video output... |
| Method to minimize compatibility error in hierarchical modulation using variable phase | 20060276145 | 20061207 |
| The present invention provides a method of hierarchically modulating first and second digital data streams in a broadcast system such as an SDAR system that is compatible with legacy receivers. The second digital data stream, but not the first, is provided with a non-binary pseudo-random encoding. A carrier is first modulated, e.g. QPSK, by the first digital data stream; and a second modulation is performed with the encoded second digital data stream. The encoding includes a multiplication of a matrix formed of 2, 3 or 4 consecutive bits of the secondary data stream by a matrix, e.g. a Hadamard matrix to form a product matrix having non-binary values that are used to modify consecutive symbols of the first modulation. The second modulation appears as Gaussian noise... |
| Gfsk/gmsk detector with enhanced performance in co-channel interference and awgn channels | 20060268973 | 20061130 |
| A detector for detecting a received signal according to a Gaussian shift keying (“GFSK/GMSK”) modulation scheme. The detector may enhance a detection performance of the receiver while limiting one or more implementation impacts. An implementation impact may include an implementation complexity impact, an implementation cost impact, or other impacts. The detection performance of the detector may be enhanced in relation to one or more performance aspects, such as, an ISI aspect, an AWGN aspect, a co-channel interference aspect, a sensitivity aspect, an error propagation aspect, or other aspects. The detector may be configured or reconfigured to enhance one or more particular performance aspects. The enhancement of the particular performance aspects may affect, adversely or otherwise, one or more related performance aspects that may be related to... |
| Method and system for a radio data system (rds) demodulator for a single chip integrated bluetooth and frequency modulation (fm) transceiver and baseband processor | 20060270449 | 20061130 |
| Aspects of a method and system for a radio data service (RDS) demodulator for a single chip integrated Bluetooth and frequency modulation (FM) transceiver and baseband processor are presented. Aspects of the system may include circuitry on a single chip that enables demodulation of an RDS signal, filtering of the RDS signal, and detection of binary bits in the filtered RDS signal. The filtered RDS signal may be generated by filtering the RDS signal based on a raised cosine filter, or a doublet filter. In general, the RDS signal may also be filtered by a filter that is a first, or greater derivative of a Gaussian filter in either the time or frequency domain. Aspects of the method may include demodulating the RDS signal, filtering the... |
| Matching pursuit approach to sparse gaussian process regression | 20060271532 | 20061130 |
| A system and method is provided for supervised learning. A training set is provided to the system. The system selects a training element from the provided training set, and adds the training element to a basis element set I. The system conducts an optimization test on the basis element set I with the selected training element to produce a selection score. The system determines whether the selection score indicates an improvement in optimization for the basis element set I. The system discards the selected element if the selection score does not indicate an improvement, and keeps the selected element if the selection score does indicate improvement. The process may then be repeated for other training elements until either the specified maximum number of basis functions is... |
| Semiconductor laser device | 20060262823 | 20061123 |
| To provide a semiconductor laser device which has no ripple and can afford better FFP having a pattern near a Gaussian distribution upon operation at the high output, the semiconductor laser comprising a laminate structure in which a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conductive type semiconductor layer different from the first conductive type are laminated in this order, the laminate structure having a waveguide region to guide a light and resonator planes for laser oscillation on both ends, characterized in that the laminate structure has a non-resonator plane on one end side and the non-resonator plane is covered with a shading layer.
... |
| Method for signal estimation and extraction | 20060262842 | 20061123 |
| A method separates a source signal from an interfering signal contain in signals received at multiple sensors. The method estimates the source signal using an adaptive filter characterized by a set of filter coefficients, which are updated by maximizing a distance of the estimated source signal from a Gaussian signal having the same variance as the source signal. In one implementation, the adaptive filter is an adaptive linear combiner. The distance of the estimated source signal from the Gaussian signal may be provided by calculating an entropy function. In one implementation, the distance from Gaussian is estimated using an expectation function involving a fourth moment and a second moment of the source signal.
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| Modeling low frame rate videos with bayesian estimation | 20060262959 | 20061123 |
| A video is acquired of a scene. Each pixel in each frame of the video is represented by multiple of layers. Each layer includes multiple Gaussian distributions. Each Gaussian distribution includes a mean and a covariance. The covariance is an inverse Wishart distribution. Then, the layers are updated for each frame with a recursive Bayesian estimation process to construct a model of the scene. The model can be used to detect foreground and background pixels according to confidence scores of the layers.
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| Saftey provisions for surgical tools and mri | 20060255938 | 20061116 |
| A subject on a pallet (22) undergoes a surgical procedure in the vicinity of an MR scanner using non-MRI compatible instruments (40) from a tray (42). The procedure may, for example, insert a catheter which is MRI compatible. After the procedure, the pallet (22) is transferred by a transfer gurney (26′) or a drive (122) and moved across a 5 Gauss line (32) and into an imaging region (30) of an MRI scanner (12). To be sure that none of the non-MRI compatible instruments crosses the 5 Gauss line (32), a circuit (50) senses whether all of the instruments have been repositioned at their preselected locations in the tray (42). The circuit (50) controls one of a light (60) which indicates whether or not it is... |
| Optical beam-shaper | 20060256335 | 20061116 |
| The present invention provides beam-shaping optics for transforming an approximately gaussian beam profile into a (nearly) uniform distribution over a specified spot area. The beam-shaping optics provide significant advantages over existing beam-shapers in that they are less sensitive to variations in the input beam profiles and can be used over a range of frequencies.
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| Light mixing homogenizer apparatus and method | 20060256449 | 20061116 |
| A light mixing apparatus and method for mixing two Gaussian profile input light beams of different frequencies to form a third, homogenized output light beam having a top hat profile. The apparatus includes a first homogenizer tube having interfaced to it a second homogenizer tube. The second homogenizer tube includes an outer tubular portion which receives inside of it a tubular subassembly having an optical element at one end. The optical element is positioned to reside within the first homogenizer tube at a 45° angle relative to a longitudinal axis of the first homogenizer tube. The optical element is transmissive on one surface and on the opposite surface includes a reflective surface for reflecting light traveling through the second homogenizer tube along the longitudinal axis of... |
| Frequency offset compensation in radio receiver | 20060256894 | 20061116 |
| A solution for estimating frequency offset in a radio telecommunication system is provided. According to the solution, an estimate for frequency offset between a radio frequency carrier wave of a received signal and frequency of a local oscillator used for downconverting the received signal in a receiver is calculated by utilizing an approximation of Gauss-Hermite integration. Parameters of the receiver are adjusted according to the frequency offset estimate in order to retrieve information from the received signal.
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| Techniques to detect gaussian noise | 20060257043 | 20061116 |
| A system, apparatus, method and article to filter media signals are described. The apparatus may include a media processor. The media processor may include an image signal processor having multiple processing elements to determine a level of noise for an image using an internal spatial region of said image, select filter parameters based on the level of noise, and filter the image using the filter parameters. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
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| System and method for communicating data using constant amplitude waveform with hybrid orthogonal and msk or gmsk modulation | 20060251150 | 20061109 |
| A communications system of the present invention includes a transmitter that is operative for combining an orthogonal Walsh modulation with a minimum shift keying or Gaussian minimum shift keying waveform to form a hybrid communications signal that carries communications data over a constant amplitude waveform that is spread in time and frequency. This communications signal can be transmitted to a RAKE receiver that has a plurality of correlators with output weights formed for processing this hybrid communications signal.
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| Voice activity detection apparatus and method | 20060253283 | 20061109 |
| A voice activity detection method comprising the steps of (a) Estimating in a noise power estimator the noise power within a signal having a speech component and a noise component, and (b) Calculating a likelihood ratio for the presence of speech in the signal from the estimated power of noise signals from step (a) and a complex Gaussian statistical model.
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| Prior-constrained mean shift analysis | 20060242218 | 20061026 |
| A system and method are provided for prior-constrained mean shift analysis of a data array, the system including a processor, an input adapter in signal communication with the processor for receiving at least one data array, and a prior constraints unit in signal communication with the processor for performing a prior-constrained mean shift analysis on the at least one data array; and the method including receiving initialization data, selecting an initial point relative to the initialization data, Gaussian fitting with a prior-constrained mean shift responsive to the initial point to parse a structure, and setting the parsed structure as a prior constraint.
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| Lighting device with integration sheet | 20060232976 | 20061019 |
| A light device with integration sheet is disclosed, which comprises: a light source; and at least a sheet, each being disposed at the light emitting end of the light source and comprising a plurality of light diffusion zones; wherein each light diffusion zone has a plural arrays of microstructures arranged on the surface thereof, and each array of microstructures is capable of changing the diopter of the corresponding light diffusion zone. By controlling the distribution of the plural arrays of microstructures, the Gaussian distribution of the light source can be improved while collimating the scattered light beams to the intended illuminating area of the lighting device and diffusing the light beams emitting from the center of the light source to the same so that not only... |
| Method for image intensity correction using extrapolation and adaptive smoothing | 20060233454 | 20061019 |
| The subject invention pertains to a method of image intensity correction. The subject invention can utilize extrapolation for image intensity correction. The use of extrapolation can reduce the artifacts during intensity correction as compared to traditional methods of intensity correction. The extrapolation can be combined with, for example, homomorphic filtering methods, parametric estimation techniques, wavelet based method, and/or Gaussian smooth method, in order to reduce the artifacts generated by these methods and improve the quality of correction. The implementation of image extrapolation in accordance with a specific embodiment can utilize closest point method. The subject method can also use adaptive smoothing for image intensity correction. In an embodiment, the use of gradient weighted smoothing method can reduce, or eliminate, over-smoothing of bright spot regions. In a... |
| Method for image intensity correction using extrapolation and adaptive smoothing | 20060233455 | 20061019 |
| The subject invention pertains to a method of image intensity correction. The subject invention can utilize extrapolation for image intensity correction. The use of extrapolation can reduce the artifacts during intensity correction as compared to traditional methods of intensity correction. The extrapolation can be combined with, for example, homomorphic filtering methods, parametric estimation techniques, wavelet based method, and/or Gaussian smooth method, in order to reduce the artifacts generated by these methods and improve the quality of correction. The implementation of image extrapolation in accordance with a specific embodiment can utilize closest point method. The subject method can also use adaptive smoothing for image intensity correction. In an embodiment, the use of gradient weighted smoothing method can reduce, or eliminate, over-smoothing of bright spot regions. In a... |
| Apparatus for enhancing proliferation of cells in a small-scale cell culturing container | 20060228795 | 20061012 |
| An interchangeable sleeve for enhancing proliferation of cells in a small-scale culturing container is disclosed with the interchangeable sleeve having a substantially cylindrical and substantially rigid electrical conductive material wound in a cylindrical shape and capable of being connected to a pulsating time varying electromagnetic current to create a time varying electromagnetic force of from approximately 0.05 gauss to 0.5 gauss within the cylindrical portion of the sleeve.
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| Apparatus for enhancing tissue repair in mammals | 20060229487 | 20061012 |
| An apparatus is disclosed for enhancing tissue repair in mammals, with the apparatus comprising: a sleeve for encircling a portion of a mammalian body part, said sleeve comprising an electrically conductive coil capable of generating an electromagnetic field when an electrical current is applied thereto, means for supporting the sleeve on the mammalian body part; and means for supplying the electrically conductive coil with a square wave time varying electrical current sufficient to create a time varying electromagnetic force of from approximately 0.05 gauss to 0.05 gauss within the interior of the coil in order that when the sleeve is placed on a mammalian body part and the time varying electromagnetic force of from approximately 0.05 gauss to 0.05 gauss is generated on the mammalian body... |
| Wavelength stabilization for broadband light sources | 20060219877 | 20061005 |
| A broadband light source, such as a light-emitting diode (LED), such as a superluminescent light-emitting diode (SLED), has its mean wavelength stabilized by using a filter to pass a characteristic of the output of the source, detecting the filtered output, and adjusting a parameter affecting the wavelength of the source, such as drive current or temperature. A Gaussian or near-Gaussian filter can be used to obtain an intensity detection, or two narrowband filters can be used where one filter passes a wavelength greater, and one passes a wavelength less, than the desired mean wavelength.
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